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DC or AC motor? Which one is more suitable ?

August 04, 2023

1. Stepper motors include both AC and DC motors.

It needs to be explained in terms of its working principle. A stepper motor is an induction motor that works by utilizing electronic circuits to convert direct current into current and control the current in a multiphase sequential manner. This current is used to power the motor in order for it to function properly. The driver is a multiphase sequential controller that supplies power to the motor in a time-sharing manner. And stepper drivers are divided into AC and DC, such as DM860H, 2M2260, and 2DM2280, which are medium and high voltage AC drivers.

2. At present, AC drives on the market support NEMA23 stepper motors as the minimum, while those below NEMA23 are generally mainly DC driven. The stepper motors of NEMA23 and NEMA34 often choose DC power supply; It is recommended to use AC power for the stepper motors of NEMA43 and NEMA51.

3. In terms of control, stepper motors cannot be simply classified as DC or AC motors.

Stepper motors cannot be used like ordinary DC motors, as AC motors are used under conventional conditions. It must be composed of a control system consisting of dual ring pulse signals, power drive circuits, etc. before it can be used. Usually, the rotor of a motor is a permanent magnet. When current flows through the stator winding, the stator winding generates a vector magnetic field. This magnetic field will drive the rotor to rotate at an angle, causing a pair of magnetic fields in the rotor to align with the magnetic field direction of the stator. When the vector star magnetic field of the stator rotates by an angle. The rotor also rotates at an angle with the magnetic field. Every time an electrical pulse is input, the motor rotates one angle to advance one step. So it is necessary to control the rotation of the stepper motor by controlling the number and frequency of pulses, as well as the order in which each phase winding of the motor is energized.


In summary, stepper motors cannot be simply classified as DC or AC motors. Firstly, the control principle is different, and secondly, it depends on the specific power supply driver.



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